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WelcometoRotterdamandtotheInternationalConferenceSafecomp2000, on thereliability, safetyandsecurityofcriticalcomputerapplications. Thisalready marksthe19thyearoftheconference, showingtheundiminishedinterestthe topicelicitsfrombothacademiaandindustry. Safecomphasproventobean excellentplacetomeetandhavediscussions, andwehopethistrendcontinues thisyear. Peopleandorganisationsdependmoreandmoreonthefunctioningofc- puters. Whetherinhouseholdequipment, telecommunicationsystems, o'ce- plications, banking, peoplemovers, processcontrolormedicalsystems, theoft- embeddedcomputersubsystemsaremeanttoletthehostingsystemrealiseits intendedfunctions. Theassuranceofproperfunctioningofcomputersin- pendableapplicationsisfarfromobvious. Themillenniumstartedwiththebug andthefullendorsementoftheframeworkstandardIEC61508. Thevariety ofdependablecomputerapplicationsincreasesdaily, andsodoesthevarietyof risksrelatedtotheseapplications. Theassessmentoftheserisksthereforeneeds re'ectionandpossiblynewapproaches. Thisyear'sSafecompprovidesabroad mixofpapersontheseissues, onprogressmadeindi'erentapplicationdomains andonemergingchallenges. Oneofthespecialtopicsthisyearistransportandinfrastructure. Onewould behardpressedto'ndabetterplacetodiscussthisthaninRotterdam. The reliability, safetyandsecurityofcomputersisofprominentimportancetoRott- dam, asafewexamplesillustrate. Itsharbourdependsonthereliablefunctioning ofcontainerhandlingsystems, onthesafefunctioningofitsradarsystems, and, asofrecently, onthesafeandreliablefunctioningoftheenormousstormsurge barrieratHoekvanHolland. AnewtopicforSafecompis medicalsystems. Theseprogressivelydepend on-embedded-programmableelectronicsystems. Experienceshowsthatthe medicalworldlacksthemethodsforapplyingthesesystemssafelyandreliably. Wewelcomeagroupofpeoplereadytodiscussthistopic, andhope, bydoing so, tocontributetothis'eldofapplicationsofsafe, reliableandsecuresystems. SoftwareprocessimprovementalsorepresentsaspecialtopicofSafecomp 2000. Itprovedtobethemostfruitfulofthethreeintermsofsubmittedpapers. Thereweremanycontributionsfromahostofcountries, whichhadtobespread amongstdi'erentsessiontopics. WewishtothanktheInternationalProgramCommittee'smembers,41in total, fortheire'ortsinreviewingthepapersandfortheirvaluableadvicein organisingthisconference. Wearealsogratefulfortheircontributiontod- tributingcallsforpapersandannouncements. Withouttheirhelptheburdenof organisingthisconferencewouldhavebeenmuchgreater. VI Preface Finally, letusonceagainwelcomeyoutoRotterdam, atrulyinternational cityandhometopeopleofmanynationalities. Wehopeyoutakethetimenot onlytoenjoythisconference, butalsoto'ndyourwayaroundthecity, sinceit surelyhasmuchtoo'er. FloorKoornneef MeinevanderMeulen Table of Contents InvitedPaper TheTenMostPowerfulPrinciplesforQualityin(Softwareand) SoftwareOrganizationsforDependableSystems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 TomGilb Veri'cationandValidation EmpiricalAssessmentofSoftwareOn-LineDiagnostics UsingFaultInjection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 JohnNapier, JohnMayandGordonHughes Speeding-UpFaultInjectionCampaignsinVHDLModels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 B. Parrotta, M. Rebaudengo, M. SonzaReordaandM. Violante Speci'cationandVeri'cationofaSafetyShellwithStatechartsand ExtendedTimedGraphs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 JanvanKatwijk, HansToetenel, Abd-El-KaderSahraoui, EricAnderson andJanuszZalewski